The Great HD Shoot-Out - Canon HV20, Sony HDR-HC7, Panasonic HDC-SD1, JVC GZ-HD7

by David Kender and John Neely

Published on Apr 30, 2007 6:00 AM
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Overall Manual Control
Canon HV20 (Review, Specs, Recent News, $903) - The Canon HV20 offers a very good manual control suite that matches the other top consumer HDV camcorder on the market, on balance. However like the Sony HDR-HC7 (Review, Specs, Recent News, $1128.56), this Canon is good but definitely not what it could have been with a little more vision on the part of it’s developers. We hit the HC7’s primary manual controller hard. The Sony has a multi-function Cam Control dial that can be used to adjust focus, exposure, white balance shift, AE shift, and shutter speed. The HDR-SD1, Sony’s first HDD-based AVCHD camcorder had a much better Cam Control ring that was much better than the tiny HC7 dial as a manual control interface. Panasonic’s HDC-SD1 (Review, Specs, Recent News, $1119.99) offers another good manual controller in the form of the rear-mounted joystick, and adds independent gain control to its quiver, a control the Canon and Sony lack.

 


The HV20's rear-mounted joystick is great for one-handed operation


The HV20 allows independent control over just about everything except for gain, in its Recording Program modes. Pressing the function button, and selecting the icon at the top left corner of the screen allows you to choose from Program AE, Shutter Priority, Aperture Priority, or Cine modes. In all these modes, it is possible to fine tune exposure by pressing the joystick once, to bring up the Set display in the lower right corner of the LCD. Manual exposure (in EV steps) is the first option in the Set display, while tapping down moves through the Set menu pages (Mic levels, and End Search). The HV20 adds two modes found on the company’s prosumer camcorders, like the XL 2S and XH A1 (Specs, Recent News, $3279.99): In Tv, or Shutter Priority. In Av, or Aperture Priority mode, you can set the aperture manually while the camcorder adjusts shutter speed. In Av mode, the shutter speed will not drop below 1/60 unless Color Slow Shutter is enabled.
 
The Canon manual control interface is arguably at least as fast as the Panasonic, thanks to both joystick controller. The focus dial is a disappointment, but on the plus side, the Canon keeps exposure, audio level control, and End Search a few taps away. Canon also adds a Focus Assist option that both magnifies the image and adds peaking. Even though the dial is small, this assist function makes finding focus an easier process than on the HC7. In the end, the Canon is a good camcorder when it comes to manual controls, but like its competitors, it’s flawed.
 
Sony HDR-HC7 - The Sony HDR-HC7 offers a strong suite of manual controls that is superior to most consumer camcorders. Focus, exposure, shutter speed, and white balance can all be controlled either using the Cam Control multifunction dial, or via the conventional Sony touch screen icon-based interface. In addition, the HC7 offers both white balance shift and AE shift, picture sharpness and color adjustments, spot meter and spot focus options, zebras at 70 or 100 IRE, a histogram view, color bars, guide frames, and the ability to manually adjust audio recording volume.

 
The HC7's Cam Control dial in all its miniscule splendor

Unfortunately, the camcorder has what many experienced shooters will consider a fatal flaw: a Cam Control dial that is so undersized that actually making adjustments quickly is difficult at best. The dial on the HDR-UX7, Sony’s top AVCHD camcorder is bigger, and easier to use, while the Cam Control ring on the HDR-SR1 (Review, Specs, Recent News, $1119.99), Sony’s HDD-based AVCHD model, is best of all. 
 
Panasonic HDC-SD1 - The Panasonic HDC-SD1 permits fully independent iris, shutter speed and gain adjustment. This matches the level of manual control found on other consumer cams from Panasonic, and is one of the qualities that sets the company’s camcorders apart. 
 
The SD1 includes a manual Focus Assist option that magnifies roughly the middle quadrant of the displayed image – certainly a useful option for focusing HD resolution video. However it doesn’t go as far as the focus assist on the Canon HV20, which fills the screen and adds peaking to make manual focus much easier. In addition, the manual image adjustment controller on the SD1 is a joystick rather than a true ring – our first choice, found on Sony’s HDR-SR1 HDD-based AVCHD camcorder – or a dial, found on the Canon HV20, and for multiple manual controls on many HD Sonys. The joystick in combination with Focus Assist makes manually focusing the SD1 possible, but far from easy.
 


The SD1's back end is where the manual control action happens 


The joystick-centric manual control suite of the HDC-SD1 carries over from Panasonic’s standard definition consumer line, and using a joystick to focus standard definition video is doable. The joystick on the HDC-SD1 is also a bit more difficult to operate than the ones on its standard definition predecessors. The new controller feels like a higher-end implementation, but we found that we couldn’t navigate up, down, left, and right with the facility we’ve grown to appreciate on consumer Panasonics.
 
In comparison to most other consumer camcorders, this interface design makes accessing these important image controls a very fast process. For adjustments other than focus, the joystick works very well and the ability to control gain manually is a terrific quality control feature that HD camcorders from other manufacturers lack
 
Sadly, a less-than-stellar Focus Assist feature makes it difficult to trust manual focus, there’s no headphone jack to make manual audio adjustment worthwhile, and zebras default to a single mystery setting. It seems to be around 100 IRE, but the user’s manual sheds no light on this. Meanwhile, Sony and Canon’s HD camcorders offer zebra options at 70 IRE and 100 IRE. Add the fact that this is an AVCHD camcorder with video quality that can’t compete with HDV, and the HDC-SD1 ends up in an uncomfortable niche of its own.
 
JVC GZ-HD7 (Review, Specs, Recent News, $1529) – The JVC GZ-HD7 is a manual control powerhouse that offers an array of features and interface that places it at the top of the consumer camcorder realm. A focus ring is the most welcome surprise on this camcorder. We love ring controls for their natural feel, and this one is a beauty, complemented by a good Focus Assist function. Like the HV20, this camcorder keeps manual image controls and assists within easy reach – a vital attribute for getting your shot in the field or in the studio, especially when the clock is ticking. 
 
There’s an Auto/Manual toggle button on the front corner of the left side, and the Focus Assist button is just around the corner. Control clusters like this are generally a good thing. On the back of the camcorder are buttons for Aperture Priority, Shutter Priority, and EV adjustment, and they share a Value Adjustment Lever on the back end of the camcorder. This constitutes another handy control cluster of settings that govern your image’s brightness. Some other conveniences include a backlight button, cold accessory shoe, and a well-designed rocking zoom lever.

     
The HD7's rear controls and LCD joystick
 
Several other manual controls are accessed via the Function Button on the let edge of the LCD panel, and selected using the joystick. These include two controls that can be engaged and set while the camcorder is recording - white balance and zebras. The other functions are AE Modes, Effects, and Custom Controls (Sharpness and Color Bars). Mic and headphone (AV) jacks allow for the use of external audio equipment, though we’re disappointed in the lack of any level adjustment feature. 

Despite this omission and some other quirks and minor annoyances, the HD7 has an excellent suite of manual controls that rivals or surpasses the Canon HV20 and Panasonic HDC-SD1 in terms of interface quality and efficiency. The Sony HDR-HC7 tops the field in terms of number of controls and control settings and includes a LANC jack for remote operation, but its Cam Control multifunction dial is so small that manually focusing with accuracy and speed is nearly impossible. Add in the HD7’s large, comfortable hand strap, a large removable lens hood, very good OIS, great balance, and an excellent eyecup, and the HD7 punches above its class in a way that only the Sony HDR-HC1 (Specs, $2295) matched in recent memory.
 
Zoom
Canon HV20 – The Canon HV20 has a primary zoom control with a rocking lever design, a secondary zoom in the form of buttons on the LCD frame, and includes a remote with zoom buttons for remote operation. The Canon’s biggest manual control shortcoming may be the undersized zoom lever – a flaw we find perplexing singe the bottom-end ZR series camcorder feature very good zoom levers. The lever on the HV20 is smaller than those on the other HD models in this article, and your finger on the zoom rests on a thin sliver of plastic that barely extends above the top of the body. On the plus side, the Canon’s secondary zoom buttons can be set to three fixed speeds while its fellow travelers only offer a single fixed speed for the secondary zoom.

 
The HV20's pint-sized, underdeveloped zoom lever

Sony HDR-HC7 – The Sony HDR-HC7 features a primary zoom control with a rocking lever design, a set of secondary zoom buttons on the outside of the LCD frame, a remote control with zoom buttons, and is the only camcorder among this group to include a LANC jack for remote wired operation. The zoom lever is excellent, and offers slightly more leverage and fine control than the others because it's larger and taller. The difference may seem insignificant (and the levers on the JVC and Panasonic are nearly as good) but zoom is an important enough control for us to praise Sony for making consistently excellent zoom controls. The LANC jack is another nice inclusion, and makes this the camcorder of choice if you need a camera B for boom shots.
 


The HC7 sports a stellar zoom control


Panasonic HDC-SD1 – The Panasonic HDC-SD1 comes up short in the zoom department, with only one on-camera zoom control, the rocking lever on top of the body. The control itself is very good, but the option of a secondary control would have been a welcome addition for those high- and low-angle shots that render the primary zoom toggle difficult to use. Like the other camcorders in this article, the SD1 includes a remote control with fixed-speed zoom buttons.
 


The SD1's zoom toggle


JVC GZ-HD7 – Like the other camcorders in this piece, the JVC GZ-HD7 features a zoom control with a rocking lever design. It’s positioned well for use during hand-held shooting, and allows for good control throughout the range at variable speeds. The JVC lacks a secondary LCD-frame zoom control like the Panasonic, but does include a remote with fixed-speed zoom buttons. On a camcorder that aspires to bridge the consumer-prosumer divide, we would have liked to see a LANC terminal or at the very least a secondary zoom control.
 


The HD7 dons a smooth zoom lever 

Focus
Canon HV20 – One of the biggest differences between so-called prosumer camcorders and their consumer counterparts is quality of their manual controls, and manual focus is a vital control that most consumer camcorders do poorly. Being able to dial in manual focus accurately and quickly is especially important when shooting HD video, because even the slightest focus error will be magnified when the footage is viewed on a big screen. 



The HV20's focus dial

 
The Canon HV20 has an ingeniously effective Focus Assist option that overcomes the shortcomings of the tiny Focus dial – and makes attaining sharp focus quickly relatively easy. It’s not a method that mimics prosumer cams (the JVC does this with equal success) but is a solution to the vexing difficulties of manually focusing HD when you’re only monitor is the LCD or EVF. Another perk on the Canon is Instant AF, a high-speed auto focus setting that was fast and accurate, even at light levels the other cams could not handle.
 
Sony HDR-HC7 – Sony has equipped the HC7 with a multifunction Cam Control dial that can be used to focus manually, and for this purpose it’s OK but not great. If Sony had a Focus Assist option as on the HV20, the two camcorders would be equals in terms of the quality of their manual focus controls. Sony opted to leave Focus Assist out of this camcorder’s manual control suite, and it's unfortunate because without some kind of assist, it’s virtually impossible to focus HD using only the onboard LCD or EVF. The excellent HDR-UX1 (Review, Specs, Recent News, $729.95) and HDR-SR1 AVCHD camcorders from Sony did include a focus assist called Expanded Focus. With Expanded Focus used in tandem with their Cam Control rings and mammoth 3.5” LCDs, those models were more than up to the task of manually focusing HD video. While auto focus works very well, the HC7 is no match for the HD7 and HV20 when it comes to manual focus.
 


The HC7's Cam Control dial


Panasonic HDC-SD1The Panasonic SD1 includes a Focus Assist feature, but it’s not as good as the one found on either the HV20 or HD7. In addition, this Panny is the only camcorder in this article that does not include some form of rotary focus control. Instead, manual focus is controlled using the joystick on the back of the camcorder body. Unlike a rotary control that can be nudged ever so slightly to fine-tune focus, the joystick is an electronic control that pulls focus at a fixed speed. The motors that move the lens elements are either moving (when you nudge the stick) or not, so fine-tuning is a matter of making very quick taps as you approach – and attempt – to get a sharp picture. Yes, it works, but the JVC and Canon do manual focus a whole lot better. 
 
JVC GZ-HD7 – Manual focus is one area where JVC hits the ball out of the park. The ring control is the biggest reason for this. It’s big, smooth, and responsive, and feels much like the servo zooms found on much more expensive prosumer camcorders. But even an excellent ring control is not enough to guarantee accuracy when you’re focusing HD video using on-camera monitors. JVC fills the gap with a great Focus Assist that we haven’t seen on any other consumer camcorder. Rather than using magnification and peaking like Canon’s HV20, the HD7’s assist displays the onscreen image in monotone, but highlights objects on the focal plane in red, green or blue (yes, you can choose your favorite color). JVC also clusters the Focus Assist and manual/auto focus buttons right next to the ring for quick access. Together, Focus Assist and the ring work amazingly well, edging Canon by a nose to take the manual focus crown. 

 
The HD7 is the king of the ring for manual focus. Literally.
Exposure & Aperture 
Canon HV20 - The Canon HV20 keeps exposure close at hand with joystick access to EV (exposure value) settings on a -11 to +11 scale. What the HV20 does not offer that JVC and Panasonic do is independent control over settings that govern the brightness of the image but for most scenarios, the HV20’s exposure options should be adequate. In the P, Cine, and Special Scene modes, EV steps are the only exposure setting you can adjust. In Tv (Shutter Priority) and Av (Aperture Priority) mode broaden your options. In Av mode, the iris can be set to: f/1.8, f/2.0, f/2.4, f/2.8, f/3.4, f/4.0, f/4.8, f/5.6, f/6.7, and f/8.0. The Canon also features some basic tweaks under Custom in the Image Effects submenu, where brightness (exposure compensation) can be nudged -1 or +1 for fine-tuning.
 
Sony HDR-HC7 - The Sony HDR-HC7 offers exposure control in the form of 24 EV steps via either the touch screen interface, or the Cam Control dial, and these settings can be adjusted independently. The Sony does not feature aperture priority or shutter priority modes, but does include a handy AE Shift option on a -4 to +4 scale that can be adjusted using the Cam Control dial. If you’re not in a hurry, the dial is great because it keeps key image controls clustered around a single interface. Switching from parameter to another, however, entails pressing and holding a button until the setting menu pops up after a few seconds. Multiply that by several adjustments, and you may find that the moment has passed.
 
Panasonic HDC-SD1 – Image adjustments other than focus are where the Panasonic joystick shines, and it’s a fast and adept tool for shuttling through exposure options. The joystick is extremely efficient, and a great example of an interface designed for compact camcorders that succeeds – at least in the hands of someone who has mastered its quirks. Iris adjustment is also highly accessible via the joystick, and fully independent with settings at f/16, f/14, f/11, f/9.6, f/8, f/6.8, f/5.6, f/4.8, f/4, f/3.4, f/2.8, and Open. An incremental 1/2 step between each full stop yields a total of 23 iris settings. If you continue past Open, you’ll find that gain settings kick in seamlessly all the way up to +18dB. Placing iris and gain on a continuous scale means the two controls aren’t fully independent, and moving from the bottom of the scale to the top takes a while – but no one offers the level of fine-tuning you’ll find on the HDC-SD1 and other Panasonics.
 
JVC GZ-HD7 - The JVC HD7 serves up Aperture Priority mode via the dedicated A button just to the left of the battery pack on the back of the camcorder body, with settings at f/1.8, f/2.0, f/2.8, f/4.0, f/5.6, and f/8.0. A setting dial below the button is used to move through and select this setting, as well as shutter speed and brightness (exposure compensation). Iris and shutter speed control is fully independent, as on the Panasonic, but what sets this camcorder apart are dedicated buttons for several manual settings, and the setting dial used only to adjust these parameters. It’s a design decision that speaks to JVC’s positioning of the HD7 as a camcorder for higher-end users who know the value of dedicated buttons and simplified interfaces.
 
Shutter Speed
Canon HV20 - In Tv (Shutter Priority) mode, the HV20 includes a range of settings that vary depending on which standard you're recording in.   For 1080i, the shutter speeds available are 1/8, 1/15, 1/30 1/60, 1/100, 1/250/1/500, 1/1000, 1/2000, and in 24P they change slightly to 1/6, 1/12, 1/24, 1/48, 1/100, 1/250/1/500, 1/1000, 1/2000.   Canon also lists shutter speed settings for memory mode (an option for recording low-resolution video to Mini SD): 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/100, 1/250, 1/500.   The ability to drop the shutter speed to 1/24 in 24p mode gives this camcorder very good low light capabilities - and that made a big difference in our tests where the Canon's 1080i low light performance equaled the HDR-HC7's, while 24p bought the Canon 4 lux.

Sony HDR-HC7 - The Sony HDR-HC7 features the widest shutter speed range of this group, in the following values: 1/4, 1/8, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/90, 1/100, 1/125, 1/180, 1/250, 1/350, 1/500, 1/725, 1/1000, 1500, 1/2000, 1/3000, 1/4000, 1/6000, 1/10000.   The extra range over the other camcorders gives the HC7 the ability to stretch the camcorder's image gathering ability in both very low light and very bright light.   The Cam Control dial is good for making shutter speed adjustments, but you'll face the same delays in toggling from one parameter to another as you make multiple adjustments to your image.   The HC7 includes a two auto shutter options as well. Auto Slow Shutter can be turned on or off, and when it's engaged, it places the floor of auto shutter speed at 1/30 allowing for some additional light gathering without a   major cadence change. Color Slow Shutter drops out the floor entirely.   

Panasonic HDC-SD1 - The shutter speed settings available on the HDC-SD1 are 1/60, 1/100, 1/120, 1/180, 1/250, 1/350, 1/500, 1/750, 1/1000, 1/1500, 1/2000, 1/3000, 1/4000, and 1/8000 - there are no manual settings below 1/60.   To drop your shutter speed below 1/60, your only choice is MagicPix mode, which works like Sony's Color Slow Shutter, and drops the floor from the auto shutter speed control.   This is useful to be sure, but in the absence of manual sub-1/60 shutter speed control, we'd prefer to see at least a quality control option like Auto Slow Shutter that set the floor at 1/30.   It also continues to surprise us that Panasonic, king of the manual control hill, does not offer slower shutter speeds.  

JVC GZ-HD7 - The big difference that JVC brings to the table is the image control cluster on the back of the HD7 body, including shutter speed.   Like Aperture and brightness, shutter speed is engaged by pressing the S button.   The set dial below is used to cycle through settings which include 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/80, 1/100, 1/250, 1/500, 1/1000, 1/2000, and 1/4000.   We like the dedicated buttons for shutter speed and aperture, and the set dial, because they allow for instant access and very fast adjustment to these parameters.   The arrangement makes toggling between these two adjustments faster than on the other three HD cams - though we wish JVC hadn't stopped there.   White balance in particular would have benefited from a dedicated button.

White Balance
Canon HV20 - Presets: Auto, Daylight, Shade, Cloudy, Tungsten, Fluorescent, Fluorescent H, and Manual.

Sony HDR-HC7 - Presets:   Auto, Outdoor, Indoor, and One Push (manual) plus White Balance Shift

Panasonic HDC-SD1 - Presets:   AWB (auto), Indoor, Outdoor, and Manual

JVC GZ-HD7 - Presets:   Auto, Fine, Cloud, Halogen, and Manual

Gain
Canon HV20 - The Canon HV20 offers no independent manual control over gain.

Sony HDR-HC7 - The Sony HDR-HC7 offers no independent manual control over gain.

Panasonic HDC-SD1 - There's actually something to comment on here, unlike the three camcorders above.   As mentioned in the Exposure section, the Panasonic HDC-SD1 places iris and gain on a continuous scale so that there's no boundary between the two.   Purists might scoff at this treatment - but we have to say it makes intuitive sense. Both controls govern brightness, and keeping the two linked makes it impossible to make the mistake of shooting with gain levels at +6dB when you don't mean to.   Panasonic has included gain control on its consumer camcorders for years, and deserves kudos for giving users the option.

Gain setting for the HDC-SD1 include 0dB, 3dB, 6dB,   9dB, 12dB, 15 dB, and 18dB, with an incremental step between each whole step, for a total of 12 settings.

JVC GZ-HD7 - JVC GZ-HD7 offers no manual gain adjustment over gain, but you can disable automatic gain, an option that is common on JVCs. To enable or disable auto gain, you'll need to navigate to the Gain Up option in the Video sub-menu of the Administrative menu.

Other Manual Controls and Features

 


Canon HV20


Sony HDR-HC7


Panasonic HDC-SD1


JVC GZ-HD7

Video Standards 1080i, 1080 24p, 480i 1080i, 480i 1080i 1920 x 1080, 1080i
Manual Exposure Method Iris (Av Mode), EV steps (P Mode) EV steps (Manual Mode) Iris (Manual Mode) Iris (AE Mode), EV steps (5 point scale using Bright option)
Auto Focus Modes Auto, AiAF, Center Auto, Spot Focus (via touch screen) Auto Auto, Spot Focus (3 selectable spots)
Metering Settings Auto, Evaluative, Center Weight Average, Spot Auto, Spot Meter (via touch screen) Auto Auto
Video Recording to Alternate Media Type MiniSD NA NA SD/SDHC (CBR and 1440 modes only)
Zoom Speed Control Yes No No No

PRESETS
Backlight Presets Beach, Snow Beach, Snow Surf & Snow Snow
BLC Dedicated button Dedicated button Via Joystick Dedicated button
Color Presets Cine Mode, Vivid, Neutral, Low Sharpening X.V. Color NA NA
Fast Shutter Presets Sports NA Sports Sports
Low Light Presets Sunset Twilight, Twilight Portrait, Candle, Sunrise/Sunset, Auto Slow Shutter, Color Slow Shutter Low Light Twilight
Night Presets Night NightShot, Super NightShot (w/infrared lamp) Magic Pix Nightalive
Other Presets Fireworks Fireworks, Landscape NA NA
Portrait Presets Portrait Portrait Portrait Portrait
Skin Softening NA Skintone Soft Skin Mode NA
Spotlight Presets Spotlight Spotlight Spotlight Spotlight
White Balance Presets Auto, Manual, Daylight, Shade, Cloudy, Tungsten, Fluorescent,   Fluorescent H   Auto, Manual, Indoor, Outdoor Auto, Manual, Fine, Cloud, Halogen

IMAGE ADJUSTMENTS
Brightness 3 point scale 8 point scale (AE Shift) NA NA
Contrast 3 point scale 8 point scale NA NA
Saturation 3 point scale 8 point scale (Camera Color, WB Shift) NA NA
Sharpness 3 point scale 8 point scale (Camera Color) NA 11 point scale
ASSISTS
Color Bar Yes Yes Yes Yes
Focus Assist/Type Focus Assist (Peaking plus Magnification), Peaking NA Focus Assist (Magnification) Focus Assist (Highlighted focal plane in red, green or blue)
Guides Level and Grid Markers Guide Frame (grid) Guide Lines Horizontal, Grid1 (9 box grid), Grid2, (60 box grid) NA
Histogram Yes Yes No Still mode only
Zebras Zebra Stripping - Presets: Off, 70 IRE and 100 IRE Zebras - Presets:   Off, 70 IRE and 100 IRE. Zebras - Yes, but the level is not specified.   It appears to be about 100 IRE Zebras - Presets:   Off, 70 IRE and 100 IRE.

OTHER
  Mic Attenuator Conversion Lens AGS Blu-Ray Archiving
  Video Light Smooth Slow Record 5.1 Surround Sound Video Light
  Wind Cut Video Light Video Light Wind Cut
Video Light     Wind Cut  
      Zoom Microphone  

STILL OPTIONS
Effects Black & White, Sepia, Art Cinema Effect, Still, Flash, Trail, Old Movie, Negative Art, Sepia, Black & White, Pastel, Mosaic   Sepia, Monotone, Classic Film, Strobe
Faders Fade-in/Fade-out (black or white), Wipe   Fade-in/Fade-out (black or white) Fade-in/Fade-out (black or white), Corner, Window, Slide, Door, Scroll, Shutter
Flash Settings Auto, Red Eye Reduction, Flash on, Flash Off NA Auto, On, Off NA
Other Still Options NA NA Red Eye Reduction NA
Shooting Modes Single, Continuous, Auto Exposure Bracketing NA NA NA


 







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